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Cocaine‐Induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage in a Patient with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy*
Authors:Marianna Shvartsbeyn M.D.  Daniel G. K. Phillips M.D.  Michael A. Markey M.D.  Alan Morrison M.D.  Joyce L. DeJong M.D.  Rudy J. Castellani M.D.
Affiliation:1. Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY.;2. Division of Neuropathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD.;3. Division of Forensic Pathology, Sparrow Health System, Lansing, MI.
Abstract:Abstract: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a well‐recognized complication of recreational cocaine use. The precise mechanism of the cocaine‐induced hemorrhagic event is unclear, although multiple factors have been implicated. We report a case of a 62‐year‐old woman who suffered left parieto‐occipital ICH with herniation and death, following a cocaine binge. Microscopic examination also revealed extensive cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in the vicinity of the hemorrhage. We additionally studied brain tissue in eight subjects between ages of 60 and 80 who were positive for cocaine metabolites at autopsy; of these, none had vascular amyloid‐β deposits by immunohistochemistry. Whereas we found no evidence that chronic cocaine use is a risk factor for CAA, given the age‐associated nature of CAA and the aging population using cocaine, CAA‐induced hemorrhage in the setting of cocaine use may be more common than recognized. This is the first reported case of CAA‐associated ICH precipitated by cocaine.
Keywords:forensic science  cocaine  intracerebral hemorrhage  amyloid beta  immunohistochemistry  cerebral amyloid angiopathy  neurovascular complications  review
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