Predicting Phenotype from Genotype: Normal Pigmentation* |
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| Authors: | Robert K Valenzuela MS Miquia S Henderson BS Monica H Walsh BS Nanibaa’ A Garrison PhD Jessica T Kelch BS Orit Cohen‐Barak PhD Drew T Erickson PhD F John Meaney PhD J Bruce Walsh PhD Keith C Cheng MD PhD Shosuke Ito PhD Kazumasa Wakamatsu PhD Tony Frudakis PhD Matthew Thomas PhD Murray H Brilliant PhD |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724.;2. Present Address: Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI 54449.;3. Present Address: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.;4. Present Address: Pharmacology Unit, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Netanya, 42504, Israel.;5. Present Address: Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.;6. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.;7. Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation, Department of Pathology;8. Department of Pharmacology;9. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033.;10. Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.;11. DNAPrint Genomics, Inc., Sarasota, FL 34236.;12. Present Address: Information Security, Intelligence & Analysis, Sylint Group, Sarasota, FL 34230. |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Genetic information in forensic studies is largely limited to CODIS data and the ability to match samples and assign them to an individual. However, there are circumstances, in which a given DNA sample does not match anyone in the CODIS database, and no other information about the donor is available. In this study, we determined 75 SNPs in 24 genes (previously implicated in human or animal pigmentation studies) for the analysis of single‐ and multi‐locus associations with hair, skin, and eye color in 789 individuals of various ethnic backgrounds. Using multiple linear regression modeling, five SNPs in five genes were found to account for large proportions of pigmentation variation in hair, skin, and eyes in our across‐population analyses. Thus, these models may be of predictive value to determine an individual’s pigmentation type from a forensic sample, independent of ethnic origin. |
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| Keywords: | forensic science genetics human pigmentation QTL phenotype |
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