转型社会宪法修改的模式与功能

以宪法制度的稳定性程度为标准,世界各国宪法大致可以分为定型宪法和转型宪法两种类型。中国仍处于社会转型时期,宪法制度仍未定型。从比较法的视角来看,中国宪法修改的模式和功能不同于一般西方法治国家宪法,也不同于一般的转型国家宪法。从现行宪法颁布实施以来的经验来看,宪法修改主要发挥了向后看的确认功能。在全面推进法治的进程中,宪法修改逐渐开始发挥前瞻性的功能,将社会基本价值共识以法律的形式确认为根本规范,进而为未来社会转型提供规范性指引。

Mode and Function of Constitutional Amendment in Transitional Society

The constitutions in the world can be broadly divided into two categories:fixed constitution and the transitional constitution.The constitutional structure in China is still in the process of transformation and not complete yet.The constitutional amendment in China,which is called confirmation type of constitutional amendment by scholars,is reform-based.From a normative perspective,constitutional amendment is not a passive reflection of social changes,but actively promotes of social transition by providing a legal track for social transition.