海洋话语与国际秩序转变

国际关系的演进表明,海洋话语转变是国际秩序转变的重要风向标。文章对海洋话语进行了概念分析,并将其细分成海洋硬话语与海洋软话语,明确其包涵因素和互动关系。战争、谈判、国际会议、条约及协定等是国家争取战略主导权、在国际权力格局中占据优势的重要手段,可作为海洋话语与国际秩序之间的互动机理。海洋话语与国际秩序转变主要经历了欧洲主导时期和美国主导时期,且美国主导时期延续至今。在“百年未有之大变局”时代,海洋世界多极化趋势显著,海陆联动明显,“泛海洋时代”到来;海洋话语的话语主体、结构设计、海缘范畴及议题领域等均在经历多维嬗变,国际海洋新秩序建构的可能性和必要性在不断提升。中国需把握好角色定位与策略选择,优化中国海洋战略,树立新海洋安全观,踏实构建海洋话语,在国际海洋新秩序的构建中发挥积极引领作用。

Maritime Discourse and Transformation of International Order

The evolution of international relations shows that the transformation of maritime discourse is an important indicator of the transformation of international order.This paper conducts a conceptual analysis of maritime discourse,dividing it into hard discourse and soft discourse,and clarify its essential factors and their interactions.Wars,negotiations,international conferences,treaties,and agreements are important means by which countries gain strategic dominance and advantages in the international power structure,as well as interactive mechanisms between maritime discourse and international order.Historically,maritime discourse and the transformation of international order have gone through the domination of Europe and the period led by the United States,which continues to this day.In the era of“great changes unseen in a century”,the maritime world is multi-polarizing,the linkage between land and sea is more obvious,and the“pan-ocean era”is coming.The subject,structure,range and topics of maritime discourse are undergoing multi-dimensional changes,and the possibility and necessity of constructing a new international maritime order continue to rise.China needs to be careful with its role positioning and strategic choice,to optimize China’s maritime strategy,to establish a new concept of marine security,to pragmatically construct maritime discourse,and to play an active leading role in the construction of a new international maritime order.