法医精神病学能力验证相关问题探讨

能力验证是利用实验室间比对,按照预先制定的准则评价参加者的能力,是世界各国用以评价和保障实验室/机构能力所采用的重要手段.在我国司法鉴定领域,能力验证已逐渐成为执业管理、监督管理的重要手段.根据管理部门的要求,司法鉴定机构应通过参加能力验证活动证明其具有相应的技术能力,并作为内部质量控制、发现问题和持续改进的重要途径.作为公认的主观性较强、风险较高的司法鉴定行业,在法医精神病专业开展能力验证活动更具必要性与迫切性.近几年的运作尝试也表明,在本专业开展能力验证活动是可行的,评价结果亦是行业技术水平的真实反映.但在项目设计与运作上还有完善空间,如样本与物品制备可真实、完备些,可争取更大的技术指导与示范引导作用,应合理控制考核难度,并增强专家公议结果的可靠程度、可接受性,且运作方式应更灵活、多样.参加机构应提高对能力验证的认识,加强业务培训,科学对待;作业时严格遵守作业要求,通读懂材料,寻找关键点,并注重要点与逻辑性,反馈结论要尽量明确、唯一,争取较满意评价结果.

On the Proficiency Testing of Forensic Psychiatry

Proficiency testing is an important method used by countries in the world to evaluate and preserve the capacity of laboratories and inspection bodies, by making use of inter-laboratory comparisons to evaluate the ability of the participants according to pre-established criteria. Proficiency testing has also gradually become an important method of practice and supervision management in the field of forensic appraisal in China. According to the requirement from the administrative department, forensic agencies should participate in proficiency testing activities in order to demonstrate that they have the corresponding technical capacity; meanwhile the agencies should also make proficiency testing as an important method of internal quality control, identifying problems and continuous improvement. The forensic profession has been regarded as subjective and with higher risk. It is necessary and urgent in the field of forensic psychiatry to carry out proficiency testing activities. The operation results in recent years show that it is feasible to launch the proficiency testing activities in forensic psychiatry, and the evaluation result is also a true reflection of the profession＇s technical level. But there are rooms for improving on project design and opera- tion, for instance, more realistic and comprehensive preparation of samples and materials, greater effect of technical guidance and demonstration guidance, more reasonable control of the assessment difficulty, enhancing the reliability and acceptability of the result of experts＇ opinions, and more flexible and diverse operation modes. There are three aspects that participating agen- cies should pay attention to. Firstly, the agencies should enhance their understanding about proficiency testing, strengthen the operational capacity, and treat it scientifically. Secondly, the agencies should comply with the operational guides strictly during operation, understand all the materials, grasp the key points, and pay more attention to the key points and logic of the feedback. Lastly, the explicit and exclusive conclusions should be submitted in order to strive for a satisfactory evaluation result.