16—19世纪西伯利亚地区英国人活动探微

在英国人没有组织起有计划的大规模的西伯利亚殖民活动之前，俄国凭地利之便和哥萨克之勇，抢先占领了西伯利亚。近代以来，直到1917年俄国十月革命之前，英国人在西伯利亚地区的活动可大致划分为两个阶段。第一阶段是从1555年“俄罗斯公司”在伦敦成立到19世纪三四十年代俄国发生工业革命，在这一阶段，英国人活动规模小，赴西伯利亚动因之一是为了商业利益，二是受沙皇政府聘用出访或途经西伯利亚，三是出于传教或慈善事业的目的。第二阶段从俄国工业革命到1917年十月革命，英国实业家和资本家伴随大规模的对俄商品输出和资本输出来到了西伯利亚，从事各种经营活动。

BRITISH MOVEMENTS IN SIBERIA (16th - 19th century)

Before English people started some deliberate and large-scaled colonial activities in Siberia, Russia had occupied most land of Siberia with the geographical advantage. English activities in Siberia in the modern time can be divided into two phases. During the first phase from the year 1555 when the Russia Company was founded in London till the 1830s when the Russia's industrial revolution began, a few English went to Siberia for commercial or religious purposes and some of them were even employed by the Russian government. During the second phase from Russia's industrial revolution to the October Revolution in 1917, while Britain exported large-scaled merchandise and capital into Russia, many English capitalists and industrialists did various businesses in Siberia.