颅脑损伤部位与智力评估分析

目的探讨颅脑损伤部位与智力损伤的关系。方法315例颅脑外伤者根据疾病诊断分成8组：蛛网膜下腔出血组、脑震荡组、硬膜外血肿组、硬膜下血肿组、颞叶损伤组、额叶损伤组、顶叶损伤组、枕叶损伤组、广泛性损伤组和其他组，按中国修订韦氏成人智力量表进行测试，分析性别、年龄、文化程度、损伤部位与智商水平的关系。结果颅脑外伤后的平均总智商（FIQ）为64．45±16．09。性别对颅脑外伤后的智商水平影响不明显（P=0．578）；老年颅脑外伤后的智商水平较青年和中年高（P〈0．01）；文盲者颅脑外伤后的智商水平较文化程度高者低（P〈0．01）。各组智商水平高低为：其他组〉蛛网膜下腔出血组、脑震荡组〉硬膜外血肿组、硬膜下血肿组〉颞叶损伤组、额叶损伤组、顶叶损伤组、枕叶损伤纽〉广泛性损伤组。同时左额叶损伤组的智商水平较右额叶损伤组低；右颞叶损伤组的操作智商（PIQ）明显比左颞叶损伤组低，而言语智商（VIQ）则反之（P〈0．01）。结论颅脑外伤后的智力损伤与损伤部位密切相关。

The relationship between injury location of brain and intelligence evaluation

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between injury location of brain and damage to intelligence.Methods315 patients of cerebral trauma were devided into 8 groups: subarachnoid hemorrhage group,cerebral concussion group,epidural hematoma group,subdural hematoma group,temporal lobe group,frontal lobe group,parietal lobe group,occipital lobe group,extensive injury group,remaining group.All patients were measured by WAIS-RC,and to analyze the relationship between sex,age,educational background,injury location and intelligence quotient.ResultsThe average FIQ after cerebral trauma was 64.45±16.09.Sex had no obvious effect to intelligence quotient level after cerebral trauma(P=0.578);the intelligence quotient leve of the old age after cerebral trauma was higher than that of the young and the middle-age(P<0.01);the intelligence quotient level of illiteracy after cerebral trauma was less than that of the civilized(P<0.01).The intelligence quotient level sequence after cerebral trauma was: remaining group>subarachnoid hemorrhage group,cerebral concussion group>epidural hematoma group,subdural hematoma group>temporal lobe group,frontal lobe group,parietal lobe group,occipital lobe group>extensive injury group.The intelligence quotient level of left frontal lobe group was lower than that of the right;PIQ of right temporal lobe group was lower than that of the left,VIQ of right temporal lobe group was higher than that of the left(P<0.01).ConclusionThe damage to intelligence after cerebral trauma was closely related to the injury location.