信息不充分条件下的立法策略——从信息约束角度对全国人大常委会立法政策的解读

信息约束是立法者选择立法政策和开展立法活动的重要约束条件。由于改革开放事业本身面临着严重的知识、经验和信息匮乏的问题,急剧的社会变革和转型又导致可靠而有效的知识、经验和信息的短缺,再加上国家幅员辽阔所带来的地方信息的高度分散性和信息搜集成本高昂等原因,立法信息不充分(匮乏)成为制约全国人大常委会立法工作的最大约束条件。从这一约束条件出发,本文重新解释了为法学界所广泛批评的全国人大常委会诸多立法政策的实践合理性,并认为这些立法政策是中国立法者在各种现实的约束条件下所做出的理性的或近乎理性的选择。

Legislative Strategy under the Conditions of Non-Sufficient Information

The information constraint is an important factor that makes an impact on the choice of legislative policies.Because China's reform and opening faces the shortage of knowledge,experience and information,and vast land brings about huge dispersion of local information and high costs of information searching,insufficiency of legislative information becomes the main constraint that restricts the legislation of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.Based on this constraint,the essay reinterprets the practical reasonableness of legislative policies of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress which have been widely criticized by the legal scholars,and claims that those policies were the rational choices by China's legislators under all kinds of actual constraints.