关于“航海过失免责”的再思考

“航海过失免责”是海商法中一项特有的制度．它对合理分担船货双方的风险、促进国际贸易和国际航运的发展起到了积极的促进作用。值得注意的是，已在联合国贸法会通过三读的《联合国统一运输法草案》废除了“航海过失免责”，实行的是与《汉堡规则》一致的承运人严格责任制度。面对这一形势，是否应当修改我国《海商法》的规定，取消航海过失免责夺款？通过对有关历史、现实、立法价值取向的分析，我国取消航海过失免责，还为时尚早。

Think about Exemption of Liabilities of Nautical Fault Again

Exemption of liabilities of nautical fault is a characteristic system in maritime law. It helps to share the risks between the shipper and the cartier and to stipulate the development of international trade and transport by sea. But there are many arguments evolving around abolishing the system. It worth noticing that the Draft Instrument on the Carriage of Goods in UNCITRAL has already abolished the exemption of liabilities of nautical fault. Face to the situation, what should we do？ Should we abolish the system？ By analyzing the history and the reality and the different values in enacting law, it is not wise to abolish the exemption of liabilities of nautical fault.