关于正当防卫若干争议的探讨

新刑法实施以来 ,仍然存在混淆正当防卫与防卫过当、或者不法侵害的界限。究其原因 ,除了有的源于司法不公之外 ,主要是对正当防卫的适用范围、必要限度和特殊防卫权存在不同的认识。如何统一认识呢 ?一、明确正当防卫的适用范围 ,即界定正当防卫所制止的不法侵害 ,必须分析不法侵害的特征和正当防卫的性质、功能及其发展趋势 ;二、认定正当防卫的必要限度 ,应按照新刑法放宽正当防卫的必要限度 ;对防卫者采取宽容态度 ;公正地评判是否明显超过必要限度造成重大损害 ;三、特殊防卫权的适用范围 ,不是无限的 ,而是有限的。公民行使特殊防卫权 ,必须在制止不法侵害所必需的前提下 ,才不受防卫强度的限制

Exploration of the Disputes on Justifiable Defense

Make clear the scope of application of justifiable defense;that is,in order to determine the illegal encroachment prevented by justifiable defense,we must explore the two aspects of the feature of the illegal encroachment and the nature,function and developing trend of justifiable defense; 2) to maintain the necessary limits of justifiable defense,we shoule broaden the necessary limits of J.D. allording to the new criminal law;and adopt tolerant attitude to the defenders;and justly judge whether it is obvious excessive limits that have caused the huge damage.3) The scope of application of special defense right is not limitless but limited carrying out the special defense right,critics are not confined by the defense intensity only under the condition of that it is necessary to stop the illegal inroads.