实验主义治理：公共治理的一个新路径

实验主义治理秉持以现实问题为导向和以经验证据为支撑的实证理念和循证品格,在纵向放权的基础上通过目标设置、差异探索、治理评估、政策迭代和政策扩散等机制探寻政策改进和治理优化的可行路径。作为一种新的治理模式,它的兴起是为了应对治理复杂性的挑战、弥补科层式治理的不足和探寻治理现代化的路径等。实验主义治理模式注重纵向放权、公众参与和多元协作,改善了公共治理主体间的关系,提升了治理的参与性、科学性和有效性,是科层式治理模式的重要补充。但在实践中,实验主义治理也面临着法治困境、创新困境和合作困境等现实难题。在我国推进治理体系与治理能力现代化的背景下,应当协调好实验主义治理中创新与法治的内在张力,完善治理体制与机制,提升实验主义治理的实践效能,从而使其在全面深化改革进程中发挥更大的作用。

The Experimentalist Governance: a New Path to Public Governance

The experimentalist governance adheres to the empirical idea and evidence-based character guidedby realistic problems and supported by experimental evidence. On the basis of vertical decentralization, it ex-plores a feasible path for policy improvement and governance optimization through mechanisms such as goal set-ting, difference exploration, governance evaluation, policy iteration, and policy diffusion. As a new governancemodel, its rise is the product of meeting the challenge of the complexity of governance, making up for the defi-ciency of bureaucratic governance, and exploring the path of governance modernization. The experimentalistgovernance focuses on vertical decentralization, public participation, and diversified cooperation, improves therelationship among the subjects of public governance, and enhances the participation, scientificity, and effec-tiveness of governance, which is an important supplement to the model of bureaucratic governance. However, inpractice, it is also faced with the realistic difficulties such as the dilemma of rule of law, the dilemma of innova-tion, and the dilemma of cooperation. Under the background of promoting the modernization of governance sys-tem and governance capacity in China, it is necessary to coordinate the internal tension between innovation andrule of law in the experimentalist governance, to improve the governance system and mechanism, and to en-hance the practical efficiency of the experimentalist governance, so as to make the experimentalist governanceplay a greater role in the process of comprehensively deepening reform.