条件推理能力的发展轨迹：“单向”还是“双向”？

条件推理能力的传统认知发展观认为认知发展的轨迹是单向的,并只存在于一个加工系统中,认知发展存在着几个不同质的阶段,按由低到高的顺序发展,在个体发展的早期,其认知特点主要是以直觉加工为主,而后逐渐转换为以分析式加工为主,但这些理论无法很好地解释为什么年龄和智力的增长并不必然导致推理中符合传统逻辑规范的回答率的提高.双重加工理论对此提出异议,认为条件推理能力的发展沿着两条轨迹进行,一条径直指向计算加工和对问题内容的去情境化推理能力的增长;第二条是启发式的、高度情境化加工的发展路线,对那种认为认知是从直觉加工到逻辑数学加工的单向发展的观点提出了挑战.

The Developmental Path of Conditional Reasoning Ability:Unidirectional or Bidirectional?

The traditional theories of the cognitive development of conditional reasoning ability generally believe that going through different stages from low to high,the cognitive development is unidirectional and within the same processing system; in his earlier stage of development,an individual is characterized by a predominance of intuitive processing,which eventually shifts toward a predominance of analytic processing. These theories,however,fail to explain very well why the growth of age and intelligence does...