新加坡人民行动党政府的社会控制方式

本文从制度环境、制度安排、政策和策略等方面对新加坡执政的人民行动党及其政府如何处理与其它政党、社群组织和普通选民的关系和社会控制方式进行了分析。指出在制度设计上,它是一个存在一定程度多元制衡的一党独大的以行政为主导的软权威主义的政体。在处理与反对党的关系方面,执政党的基本原则是一方面对其严格限制和控制,采取一切“合法的”手段把其摒弃在国家权力之外,另一方面则保证其在一定程度上的发言权,以对执政党进行一定程度的监督、反映不同的利益和政见。在处理与社群组织和选民的关系方面,其基本原则是通过推行国家合作主义的政策把人民群众纳入执政党所设定的政治发展进程之中;实行一种具有多元利益表达和一定民主性的、提倡体制内合作的自上而下的制度;人民行动党在联系群众方面已经形成了高度制度化的联系机制,尤其是这种机制不是一味迎合人民群众的眼前需要,而是着眼于其长远利益。

The Social Control Mode of Singapore People's Action Party Government

From perspectives of institutional environment,institutional arrangement,policy and tactics,this thesis analyzes the models how the ruling party PAP deals with other parties,social groups,constituency and model of controlling the society in Singapore.On institutional design,it points out that Singapore government is a form of soft authoritarian regime,in which there is a certain degree of checks and balances but one party dominates the administration.This is the necessary background for analyzing its policy.On dealing with the relations with other opposition parties,PAP's fundamental principle is to limit and control them strictly and take all"legal"means to exclude them from the power of the country on one hand,and guarantee their certain rights to speech in order to supervise the ruling party and reflect different interests and politics on the other hand.With regard to dealing with relations with ordinary constituency,social groups and organizations,basic principles are to include the masses into the process of the politics set by the ruling party through the ideology and policies of state corporatism.It is a system from top to bottom,which has pluralistic rights representation,certain characteristics of democracy and cooperation within the system.The PAP has formed a highly institutionalized linking mechanism with the masses,which does not blindly cater for the current needs of the masses,but focuses on long-term interests.