北美刑事司法教育的发展及其启示

北美刑事司法教育是伴随着美国、加拿大警察专业化运动的产生与发展而兴起的。特 殊的历史渊源决定了美、加两国的刑事司法教育制度带有英国体制的烙印;在加拿大的局部地区,还带有 法国体制的明显痕迹。北美刑事司法教育的基本特点是:具有独立的行业发展理念和内部规范;专业要求 有高度的心智活动,并需要有较强的判断力;具有特殊的知识领域;通识教育与特殊的专业知识教育相结 合;根据职业要求不断进行相关培训;已经形成终身职业制度;以服务社会为最高目的;设有健全的专业 组织。从下述方面借鉴北美刑事司法教育体系具有现实意义:设置专门的学科专业,找准办学定位和培养 目标;学历教育与在职培训并重,形成较完整的体系;较好地处理教学、科研以及为实战服务三者的关 系;有规范化的行业内评估机制;教学方法多样化,内容设计要理论与实践相结合;形成高质量的专兼职 教师队伍。

The Development of Criminal Justice Education in North - America and Its Inspiration to Us

Criminal justice education in North America came along with the birth and development of police specialization in United States and Canada. The special history of North America leaves the criminal justice education system in the two countries with distinct English origin and French characteristics in parts of Canada. The specialties of the criminal justice education in North America are: the independent concept of professional development and internal regulation, strong thinker and sense being needed for profession, special ken, the combination of education in common and professional knowledge, successive training for professional development, lifelong profession system, with social service as its supreme end, and perfect profession structure. What we can learn from the North American system are; independent setup of subject, right orientation and goal for education, equal attention to education and vocational training, the forming of relatively perfect system, keeping teaching, research and serving the practice in balance, standardizing the inner evaluation system, making criminology on the top of theoretical system of criminal justice, diversification of teaching methods, and having qualified full - time and part - time teachers.