监督与制约问题探讨

对于无产阶级掌权后如何防止自己的公仆变成自己的主人，马克思主义经典作家依据历史经验进行了艰辛的探索和深入的思考。这些探索和思考从正反两个角度揭示了一个相同的道理：在保障权力正常运行方面，制约有着监督不可替代的整体性、决定性功能。监督作为保障权力正常运行的一个环节、一种形式，只有在制约机制健全的条件下才能充分发挥作用。因此，要建立有效的权力约束机制，仅有监督是不够的，非制约不可。

A Probe into Supervision and Check

On the basis of historical experience, classic Marxist writers made an arduous inquiry into and a deep-going speculation about the issues as to how to prevent a civil servant from becoming a master after proletariat's taking of the power. The inquiry and speculation show the same truth from both positive and negative perspectives: check plays an integrative and decisive role which can not be replaced by supervision in guaranteeing the appropriate exercise of power. As a part and form of the ensurance of the appropriate exercise of power, supervision can take full effect only under the condition of a sound mechanism of check. Therefore, check is indispensable in establishing a restrictive mechanism of power. Supervision alone is not enough.