德国环境损害赔偿法律问题初探

德国环境损害赔偿立法的历史悠久,其相应的法律法规较完备。针对其环境侵权损害赔偿的立法,德国理论界根据环境侵权损害赔偿责任产生的基础将之分为三类:即以容忍为前提的牺牲性责任、危险性责任和一般侵权责任。德国环境损害赔偿立法以改善受害人的法律地位、侧重人身损害赔偿以及重视对生态破坏的赔偿为主要价值取向。目前,德国正准备制定一部统一的环境损害赔偿法,德国的这一做法对于和德国环境损害赔偿立法较相似的我国来说,具有非常重要的借鉴意义。

On Legal Issues of Compensation for Environmental Damages in Germany

The compensation law for environmental damages in Germany has a long history and is of complete regulations in it.As for the legislation of environmental tort compensation,it has been divided by theorists in Germany into three types according to the basis where compensation liability arises.That includes sacrificing liability on the condition of tolerance,dangerous liability and general tort liability.The main value trend of compensation legislation in Germany is to improve the legal status of victim and stress personal damages compensation and pay more attention to compensation for ecosystem depletion.Nowadays,the government is preparing for making a united compensation law of environmental damages.It has the most important sense for our country for China has the similar compensation law of environmental damages.