举证时限制度的冷思考

在价值目标上,举证时限制度不仅偏离实体公正,而且不可能真正提高诉讼效率,同时也不能真正体现和实现程序正义。大陆法系国家几乎找不到类似中国举证时限的立法体例,英美法系国家有举证时限,但其是以陪审制和漫长、充分的证据开示为依托的,且设立举证时限、证据开示的真正目的不是在于提高效率,而是发现真实,破除“竞技论”的弊端。如果说我国的举证时限制度是属于外国制度的大胆引入,那么,忽视了其制度背景和功能实质的移植是难以达到立法目的的。

Rethought on the Time Limit of Evidence Production

On the aspect of valuable objects,the institution of time limit of adducing evidence not only deviates the substantial justice,but also impossible to raise the efficiency of action,meanwhile,can not reflect,nor realize the procedural justice basically.We can almost not find the legislation modes of time limit of adducing evidence of China in the continental law system countries.Aglo-American law system countries have the institution of time limit of adducing evidence,but it is based on the jury system and sufficient statement of proof.The goal of the institution is not to raise the efficiency,but to explore the reality and to eliminate the fraud of "the theory of competition".If we say that Chinese time limit of adducing evidence regulation is induced from abroad,thus,it is difficult for the transplant to reach the legislative goals if we overlook the institutional backgrounds and the functional essence.