通知移除制度的重新定性及其体系效应

当前我国学界并存两种通说,即通知移除制度是网络服务提供者的免责条款,网络服务提供者的侵权责任采过错责任原则。但这两种通说在理论逻辑上是相互矛盾的。之所以出现两种矛盾的命题同时成为通说的现象,与我国在借鉴美国相关立法创设通知移除制度时,未注意到两国已有的制度环境,尤其是侵权归责原则上的截然不同密切相关。根据我国的法律体系,通知移除制度应重新定性为网络服务提供者的归责条款。该重新定性对我国已有的与通知移除制度相关的理论和实践带来了一系列体系性影响,我国相关立法规定、司法适用以及理论论证等需据此作出一以贯之的相应修正。

The Redefinition and Systematic Influence of Notice and Takedown Regime

Two theories exist in China's academic circle,i.e.,notice and takedown regime is exemption clause and fault liability is the principle of ISP's tort liability.However,the theories are of logical contradiction and cannot coexist.The reason of coexistence of the two contradicted theories lies chiefly in that while introducing the regime,people overlooked the disparity of legal systems and contexts between China and foreign countries.In accordance with China's legal system,notice and takedown regime should be centered on liability fixation,which is bound to exert a series institutional impact upon relevant logics and practice.As such,corresponding changes should also be made in the areas such as legislative work,justice practice,and theoretical researches.