刑事诉讼中的“审辩交易”现象研究

刑事诉讼中的"审辩交易"是一种客观存在的现象,从法官的视角出发,可以将其分为三种类型,即基于事实疑罪、法律疑罪以及案外因素进行的交易。压力驱动与大权在握的法官,在主动与被动之间的被告方,作为旁观者的公诉方以及被和解或者不知情的被害方的理性选择促成了"审辩交易"的达成。审判权力行政化的运行机制、不合理的诉讼真实理念、案件分流机制的匮乏以及不当的绩效考评机制导致法官承担巨大的压力,法官选择进行交易是转移压力的一种方式。目前,"审辩交易"的存在有一定的合理性,但也存在大量的弊端,要改变这种压力后置型的司法模式,需要对导致"审辩交易"现象发生的诸多因素进行改革。

A Study of "Judge-Defendant Bargain" in Criminal Proceedings

In criminal proceedings,"judge-defendant bargain " is deemed an objective phenomenon, which,from the perspective of the court,can be divided into three categories: one based on suspicious facts, one on disputed laws and one on external factors.The judge with power and under pressure,the accused standing between passiveness and positivity,the prosecution serving as a bystander,and the ignorant or"compulsorily-compromising"victim's rational choice all contribute to conclusion of the bargain.Judicial power's being subject to administrative operational patterns,unreasonable notion of genuineness in criminal proceedings,lack of alternatives for case solution and improper performance evaluation mechanism put great pressure upon the judge who has no way to release it but resort to bargain.While to some extent "bargain between judge and the accused"has been justified as of,it has lots of defects.To change the pressure-shirking judicial mode,lots of catalysts of judge-defendant bargain"should be restudied and relevant reform measures be taken.