SNPs在个体识别与表型预测中的研究进展

单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP）作为第三代遗传标记,具有分布广泛、突变率低、遗传稳定及易于自动化高通量快速检测分析的特点。同时,因其扩增片段长度短、不存在复制滑动,所以利于腐败降解、痕量检材的检测。随着研究的深入,SNPs在法医学领域受到了广泛重视,与表型（ABO血型、色素沉积及颅面形态）相关的SNPs有望用于预测嫌疑人的基本特征,为案件侦破提供新的思路。本文对近年来SNPs在个体识别和表型预测的研究进行总结,介绍该领域的研究进展,为法医学工作者提供参考。

Advances in forensic individual identification and phenotype prediction of single nucleotide polymorphism

As the third generation of genetic markers,SNPs contained the characteristics of wide distribution,low mutation rate, genetic stability and high throughput automatic analysis. Meanwhile,because of short amplifying fragment length and inexistence of replication slippage,and SNPs were applicable markers for the forensic analysis of decayed and trace materials. With the development of researching,SNPs got more and more attentions in forensic fields. SNPs correlated to phenotype（ ABO blood type pigmentation and facial morphology） were expected to be used to predict the suspect basic characteristics,and helpful to offer new thinking to cases. The recent advances were summarized in forensic individual identification and phenotype deduction and prediction by single nucleotide polymorphism,in the hope of introducing the latest research progress in this field and providing the certain reference to forensic researchers.