从苏丹情势分析国际刑事法院管辖权的补充性原则

联合国安理会向国际刑事法院的检察官提交的苏丹达尔富尔地区发生的情势,引发了非缔约国对国际刑事法院管辖权补充性的质疑。将达尔富尔的情势提交国际刑事法院,应由独立的机构判断苏丹政府“不愿意”和“不能”行使管辖权的客观证据。这样做,一方面为了充分支持安理会向检察官提交情势的行为;另一方面为了国际刑事法院审判工作的独立性和有效性吸引诸如中国和美国等司法制度健全的非缔约国批准《罗马规约》。中国虽然是非缔约国,但始终支持国际刑事法院的建立及其工作,并对国际刑事法院的审判活动采取一种审视态度。有理由相信,通过国际刑事法院建立的良好工作模式,如对达尔富尔公正有效的处理,以及在我国法律条件成熟的情况下,中国会成为《罗马规约》的缔约国。

The Supplementary Rules of the Jurisdiction of International Criminal Court: An Analysis from the Angle of the Situation in Sudan

A report of an event that occurred in Darfur,Sudan,deposited by the Security Council of the UN with the prosecution of the International Criminal Court(ICC), raises questions about the non-contracting countries as to the supplementarity of the jurisdiction rules of the ICC.In this author's opinion,where the report is deposited with the ICC,an independent panel should be appointed to impartially determine whether the Sudan government "is not willing" or "is unable " to exercise its jurisdiction.In this way,not only the referral of the Security Council to the prosecution is proved appropriate,but also certifies the impartial and effective operation of the ICC and thus may arouse the interest of those non-contracting states with healthy judicial systems such as the People's Republic of China and the USA to ratify the Rome Statute.Though China is not a member state of the Statute,she consistently supports and cares about the establishment and trials of the ICC.This author believes that where the Darfur problem is justifiably and effectively settled under the rules of the ICC,China will surely be convinced and will ultimately ratify the Rome Statute when her legal circumstance favors such an action.