中国性别失衡问题的社会管理:整体性治理框架

1980年以来中国的出生人口性别比开始急剧升高并长期高位徘徊.随着中国社会的快速转型,性别失衡作为社会管理领域的重大人口问题正面临着诸多问题和挑战.因此在当前的人口社会管理中的管理理念和公共政策等方面就需要突破旧有的管理格局和机制,引入整体性治理理论,最终构建性别平等的和谐社会.本文描述了中国出生人口性别比的最新态势,评述了近年来性别失衡治理的公共政策体系,从整体性治理理论出发论述了社会管理视域下性别失衡治理问题,并基于整体性治理理论提出了性别失衡的社会管理框架,为政府性别失衡治理问题提供支持.基于上述框架,本文发现在中国的性别失衡社会管理框架中存在碎片化问题,公共政策体系需要完善,在性别失衡整体性治理的社会管理框架中要纳入对大龄未婚男性的关注.

Social Management of Gender Imbalance in China: A Holistic Governance Framework

Since the 1980s,the sex ratio at birth in China has been rising and keeping at an extremely high level.With fast social transition,gender imbalance has become one of the most significant issues of China’s social management and faced with many problems and challenges.Innovations about the old patterns and mechanism of the management principles and public policies of the social management are urgently needed by bringing into the holistic governance theory.This paper first describes the latest trends and patterns of gender imbalance using data from China’s 2010 Population Census.Then with the holistic governance theory,the paper employs the text analysis of China’s "Care for Girls" campaign to analyze the current public policy system.Finally this paper put forward a social management framework for addressing China’s issue of gender imbalance.The proposed theoretical framework may help Chinese governments to design and implement the social management of gender imbalance issues at various levels.Based on the proposed framework,this paper reveals the fragmentation in current social management of China’s gender imbalance.Meanwhile,the public system need to be consummated and the Chinese government should pay close attention to the vulnerable group such as forced bachelors in rural areas and try to bring those groups into the social management framework for China’s governance of gender imbalance.Article Type: Research paper