当代美国利益集团的内在运行机制--质疑奥尔森的集体行动逻辑

利益集团是政治学理论研究的一个重要行为体,在美国政治科学领域甚至形成为利益集团的研究路径.但是,对于利益集团的内在运作机制问题,学术界一直众说纷纭,莫衷一是.关于利益集团的内在机制问题,奥尔森运用经济学的方法对集体行动的逻辑特别是经济利益集团提供了有限的解释,并没有覆盖非经济利益集团的集体行动问题.真正周延地解决集体行动的逻辑,必须综合解决人们为什么愿意加入利益集团、集团意见的整合及其组织领导等问题,美国的政治生态为利益集团的生长和活跃提供了这些条件.

The Inherent Operational Mechanism of American Interest Group--Query on the Logic of Collective Action by Olson

Interest group is one of the important actors in political studies and even becomes a famous research approach in American political science arena. However, the academic circle has been debating on the inherent operational mechanism of interest group for so long a time. Mancur Olson, a well-known scholar, provides a limited explanation on the issue with economic methodology, and it only gives some explanations to economic group but does not tell the full story. To solve the problem thoroughly, we must think over at least three questions:why people join in the group, how to integrate so many opinions and how to organize and lead the group. The political ecology of US provides these conditions for interest group to live and act as political role.