要物合同之存在现状及其价值反思

实践中对于要物合同概念存有不当认识。要物合同应具有债权性、"要物"强制性等属性,以此为论,要物合同在我国现行法上几无存在。而以理论视角分析,要物合同的存在即非其本性使然,亦不足以从价值层面充分正当化,故应废弃要物合同,而以任意性规范的属性与功能为着眼点,结合有名合同对于社会典型交易行为的反映,去有效规制传统要物合同。

The Validity and Value of the Real Contract

In practice,the concept of a real contract tends to be misunderstood.A real contract should be characterized by such attributes as obligation,compulsorily requiring something more than mere consent,etc.In that sense,it seems that no provisions of the real contract can be found in China's existing law.In theory,the validity of a real contract is not justified either by its inherent natures or by its values;and thus it should be thoroughly abandoned.However,this author argues,by reference of the natures and functions of arbitrary norms,and with a consideration of the influence of nominate contracts on typical transactions in society,the traditional real contract can be effectively regulated.