犯罪主体视角下涉黑犯罪的特点、成因与对策

重庆系列涉黑案表明，涉黑类犯罪的参与主体大多是农民、无业人员、社会其他闲散人员和刑满释放人员。从犯罪原因来看，这一现象的出现并非偶然，它是当前经济体制的转轨、犯罪亚文化的影响、社会对某些方面的控制弱化、社会部分成员思想、价值追求和心理的变化以及反黑配套法律的缺陷等因素共同作用的结果。为了从根本上惩治和预防此类人员实施涉黑违法犯罪，达到长效治理的目的，不是单纯地依靠刑事法律就能解决的。要彻底扫除这种犯罪，必须针对其犯罪特征，找出犯罪原因以对症下药。就参与犯罪的主体来看，要真正根除这种些人犯罪的可能性，迫切需要大力传播优良文化，引导此类人员树立正确的人生观和价值观、完善相关法律制度等。

On Criminal Features, Reason and Policy of the Subject of Crimes Related to Underworld Society

In crimes of organization with characteristics of underworld society in Chongqing, one of obvious atmosphere is the major members of this type of crimes are peasants, unemployees and pre-prisoners, which is worth paying more attention to. This atmosphere is not an incident, but is related to economical reform and transform, sub-culture, weak control of some social area, changes of some social members in thoughts, value and desire. In order to control and prevent this type of crime, it is urgent to carry out economical reform, to develop an advanced culture, to call people to hold right views of life and society, and to perfect related laws.