民事裁定复议制度的检讨与重构

民事裁定对于当事人合法权益的影响是巨大的。对于裁定不服的救济程序，我国主要规定了上诉和复议两种方式。相较于针对判决的救济而言，对于裁定的救济颇显得单薄，尤其是具有中国特色的复议制度，因其在程序规则、适用范围等方面的局限导致裁定复议制度存在很多的弊端。我国应该贯彻程序保障的理念，在借鉴域外异议程序规定的基础上，扩大复议程序的对象、建立听审责问机制、构建裁定复议与上诉衔接程序，进一步完善我国裁定异议制度。

Review and Reconstruction of the Civil Ruling Reconsideration System

In China, there are two ways of appealing against a ruling, that is, appealing and reconsidera- tion. Due to the inadequate laws and regulations, the procedure of both methods is inefficient. From the per- spective of the ruling reconsideration, and based on the experience of other countries regulations, the present study proposes the measures to perfect the civil ruling reconsideration system： expanding the object of review program, establishing the mechanisms of hearing, constructing the procedure of ruling reconsideration and ap- pealing.