20世纪90年代新马克思主义的多元社会结构理论评析

20世纪90年代后的西方新马克思主义的多元社会结构理论继承了70年代末以来新马克思主义的发展线索,否认阶级政治成为其理论时尚。它们聚焦全球化背景下传统工人阶级的衰落,突出以白领知识劳动者为主体的新中间阶级研究,分析资产阶级的内部分化,关注90年代全球化进程中产生的各种受排斥人群。尽管这些理论形式多样,但均以弱化资本主义社会的阶级和阶级冲突为共同特征,主张以个体的文化权力抗争取代阶级斗争。新马克思主义以社会多元主义话语全面取代马克思主义的阶级话语,充分体现了后现代主义哲学思潮和后马克思主义政治思潮对西方发达国家左翼的广泛渗透,性质上属于一种异质于马克思主义的社会结构理论。

Analysis on the Theory of Pluralistic Society Structure of New Marxism in 1990's

With denying class politics,the theory of pluralistic society structure of the western new Marxism after1990's originated from the western new Marxism after 1970's.Focusing on the decline of the traditional working class against the background of globalization,the contemporary new Marxism stressed studies on new middle class mainly consisted of white collar worker,analyzed bourgeoisie's internal differentiation and paid attention to various kind of the weak group produced during the process of globalization in 1990's.Although diverse,these theories can be characterized by weakening the class conflict of the capitalist society,and held that class struggle should be superseded by the individual resistance of cultural right.That the class discourse of Marxism is superseded by the new-Marxist discourse of pluralistic society fully demonstrated the wide infiltration of the post-modernist philosophical trend and the post-Marxist political trend into the left wing of the western developed countries.In a word,the theory of pluralistic society structure of the western new Marxism is totally different from the Marxist theory of society structure in nature.