北京地区尸生性蝇类研究及其在法医鉴定中的应用

为提供法医学尸体死亡时间鉴定的准确性，对北京地区人尸上蝇类区系进行了系统调查（1994～1996）。发现本地区共有双翅目尸生性蝇类3科、12属、14种。其中常见种有红头丽蝇、丝光绿蝇、大头金蝇、肥须亚麻蝇、急钓亚麻蝇、棕尾别麻蝇和家蝇7种。对其常见种的幼虫进行不同温度和湿度下培养，观察常见环境因素，如日历期、风雨天气等因素对其生长发育速率的影响。结果表明，蝇类幼虫在其适宜生长发育的温度范围内，随着温度的升高发育速率加快，历期缩短；在同一温度和同一饲养条件下，发育速率因种而异；平均温度在28℃左右时，蝇类幼虫发育最快，尤其是1～2龄幼虫，时间为1天左右，且较稳定。这些数据对法医学推断死亡时间具有参考价值。

Study on necrophagous mucoid flies living on human corpses in Beijing and its application on forensic medicine practice

For the purpose of study the forensic medical entomology in Beijing area,and its application in the criminal practical, cases, it took us three years (from 1995 to 1997) to study flies living in bodies systematically in Beijing area. The results showed that there are 14 species distributed in 12 genera under 3 families. Among them, Calliphora vicina, Lucicia sericata, Chrysomya megacephala, Parasacophaga crassipalpis, Parasacophaga portschinskgi, Boettchrisca peregrina and Musca domestica linnaeus were the most common.We cultivated the most common larvae in diffevent temperature and humidity, and studied how the environmental factors such as sunshine, wind, rain and weather influence on their growth and developmental velocity. The results showed that when the larvae lives in suitable temperature, its growth and development velocity increased and the maturation period beceme shorter along with raising of the temperature. Under the condition of the same temperature and the developmental velocity varied with of different species. It also showed that when the average temperature was about 28℃. the larvae developed very fast, especially 1~2 old larvae whose growing period was about one day. These data provides reliable basis for estimating the time of death in forensic medicine practice.