论我国《继承法》遗产范围的重构——兼评杨立新、杨震教授版《〈继承法〉修正草案建议稿》遗产范围规制

《继承法》以列举的方式具体规定了遗产范围,这种方式已经无法满足现今经济社会对《继承法》的客观要求。对遗产范围制度的修正,主要应通过采纳遗产概括承受主义,从而将消极财产纳入遗产范围中;采纳不完全遗产制度,以防止继承人恶意逃债;对新型财产性权益、具有人格要素的物、特定法律资格与行为的继承,则应不局限于其法学属性的理论争议,通过立法技术实现对其继承方式的法律规制。这种对《继承法》现代化修正的立法精神本质,是法律主体对因经济基础发生变革而导致的遗产种类多元化、遗产权利义务关系复杂化的法价值需求的实践活动,是对继承权客体制度本土化移植的体系化修正,从而实现法律上层建筑与社会经济基础相适应的法价值选择。

On the Reconstruction of the Heritage Scope under the Legislative Amendment of Inheritance Law in China

The current inheritance law of China adopts the specific legislative provision for the scope of herit-age,which has been unable to meet the current economic society and social objective requirements for the in-heritance law. It is necessary to reconstruct the heritage scope via such ways：to adopt the universal succession to make the debt of the deceased in the scope ; to legislate deduction system to avoid debtors escaping the debts through extreme modes. Meanwhile, it should be fulfilled the aim of making new types of property rights and benefits, objects with personality factors, specific legal qualification and behaviors fit into the scope via depen- ding on legislative technique, which is a more efficient way to avoid the disputes of such legal natures. And the essence of legislation spirit in such reconstruction is to realize the needs of legal value in legal practice, which occurs due to the diversification of heritages and complexity of jural relations under the evolution in present so-cial economic basics, and is the localization on the system of object of inheritance right. Therefore, such legisla- tive reconstruction is a legal value choice to achieve the legal system keeping pace with the social economic system.