劳动法上经济补偿的适用范围及其性质

经济补偿作为一项制度与失业保险、解雇保护立法、工会和集体谈判等相关制度密切相关,并没有统一的模式,也不应孤立地考察经济补偿制度。经济补偿的基本目的在于补偿雇员由于遭雇主解雇而丧失的工作上的财产利益,但经济补偿在不同的适用场合,其性质和功能并不相同。因此,在方法上,不必对经济补偿的性质和功能寻求统一的答案。我国《劳动合同法》扩大经济补偿的适用范围,在现阶段具有合理性和必要性。从长远看,我国应该适当缩小经济补偿的适用范围,增强这一制度的科学性和合理性。

The Scope of Application and Nature of Economic Compensation in Labour Law

As a system closely related with unemployment insurance, dismissal protection legislation, trade union, collective bargaining, and other relevant systems, economic compensation system has no uniform mode, and it should not be examined separately. The basic purpose of economic compensation is to compensate employees’ pecuniary loss if they have been fired. However, it should be mentioned that economic compensation has different functions on different occasions. Consequently, it is not necessary to unify different properties and functions of the economic compensations. At this stage, it is necessary and reasonable to entend the scope of application of economic compensation in the Law on Employment Contracts in China. Nevertheless, in the long term, China should properly reduce the scope of application of economic compensation, and make the system to be more scientific and reasonable.