行政法的治理逻辑

与国家管理模式相契合的行政法,因过分夸大公私益紧张关系,过分强调行政优益性,过分聚焦行政行为,过分重视命令-服从,导致行政法逻辑的扭曲和行政法制化正当性的削弱。正在崛起的公共治理模式要求确立一种因认同而遵从的行政法治理逻辑。为此,第一要反思行政法的治理机理,通过维护公共理性来助成解决私人选择失灵问题,从收用行政、给付行政、秩序行政和合作行政四个方面统筹重塑公私交融的行政法利益基础。第二在"还原"行政法行动场域的基础上,依靠针对性的机制设计来塑造行政法主体角色。第三将认知和建构行政法的视角从行政行为拓展至交涉性行政关系,遵循比例原则,设定一个行政支配性/公民自主性组合关系的谱系。第四建构一套行政法商谈框架,运用360°商谈模式寻求行政法效力的普遍认同。本文认为,与此种治理逻辑相契合的行政法呈现为非对称性平衡,它集中体现为行政与公民双方在权能上的势均力敌。

Logic of Governance of Administrative Law

The model of administrative law conforming to Managerialism risks distorting administrative law’s logic and weakening its legitimacy,since it tends to over-exaggerate the tensions between public and private interests,and to over-emphasize the priority of administration - focusing exclusively on the order-obey aspect of the administrative actions and values.The emerging public governance model rather bases obedience to administrative law on identification.The article puts forward the following four suggestions.First to reevaluate the formation mechanism of administrative law,in order to solve the failure of private choice through public reason,meanwhile to reshape the interest bases of administrative law regards to all aspects of administration,including expropriation,benefits,policing and cooperation;Second,to "restore" the administrative law and formulate the roles of the administrative law,according to the aforementioned revamped administrative law’s formation mechanism;Third,based on the cognitive and constructive perspectives,from administrative action to reciprocal administrative relations,to set an administrative control/citizen autonomy model following the principle of proportionality ;Fourth,to establish a discourse framework regards to administrative law subjects,and to seek universal identification with administrative law validity based on a 360° discourse model.The article holds that a model of administrative law conforming to this logic of governance will present asymmetrical balance,in which the legal status of agencies and individuals is equal.