改变美国警察执法的三大案例

与罗马 -日耳曼法系相比 ,普通法系更注重程序公正。马菩诉俄亥俄州、米兰达诉亚利桑那州、泰瑞诉俄亥俄州是 1 960年代美国最高法院有关警察执法的三大案例 ,它们分别确立的排除规则、米兰达警告、滞留与搜拍的权限对美国警察执法产生了重大影响 ,促进了美国警察制度的改革 ,有力地保障了公民的人权。

Three Cases: Changing American Police Practices

Comparing with Roman-Teuton law system, common law system pays more attention to the justice of procedure. Mapp v. Ohio, Miranda v. Arizona, and Terry v. Ohio are the cases dealt with by the Supreme Court of the U.S. in the 1960s concerning police practices. They separately established exclusionary rules, Miranda warning and stop-and-frisk which have had great influence on the police practices in the U.S. and promoted the reform of the police system of the U.S. to guarantee citizens' rights.