论洛克的私力救济思想

作为英国近代伟大的哲学家,洛克认为人类先后经历了自然状态和政治社会两个阶段。在自然状态中只有私力救济,由于私力救济存在缺陷,使人们不得不建立国家实行公力救济。但即使在政治社会中,私力救济也将局部存在。洛克的思想是建立在其经验主义的认识论、自私的人性论和独特的契约论基础之上的。现在洛克的思想虽已部分失去了真理性,但其关于政治社会中私力救济的论断仍是不刊之论。正视洛克的警告,加强国家政权建设,至少为贫弱者提供最低限度的救济,这正是时代赋予我们的使命。

Locke's View on Private Remedy

As a great philosopher in modern England,Locke thought that human being experienced natural state and political society.In natural status,only private remedy existed.Due to the defects of private remedy,people establish states to exercise public remedy.But even in political society,private remedy exists in some parts.The thoughts of Locke established on the experience theory of knowledge,understanding of human nature as evil and his unique theory of social contract.Now,the theories of Locke lost its nature as truth partly,but the understandings on private remedy remains true.It is our task to strengthen the state's political power to provide minimum remedy to the vulnerable under the warnings of Locke.