晚清至民国西部工商业和城市困顿探析

在中国近代工业的起步阶段，西部地区曾有一些企业较早创办，但除一二家企业勉强维持外，其余均昙花一现，相继停闭。除了自身因素，还因为中国近代企业的创办，主要不是基于中国自身的发展，而是得助于外来资金和技术的注入，而这是西部所明显欠缺的。同一时期，除了大宗出口商品长途运销外，西部省份的土产运销范围狭窄，商业发展和变革迟滞。与此相关，西部的城市化进程普遍滞后。缺乏近代城市对经济发展的促动和引领，是晚清至民国西部经济落后于东部的具体表现，也是这种落后长期延续的原因之一。

Exploration on Depression of Western Industrial Commerce and Urban from Late Qing to Republic of China

At the initial stage of Chinese modem industry, western region once had some enterprises that were established very early, but later most of them went bankrupt except one or two. Besides the reason of themselves, this phenomenon resulted from the factors that the modern enterprises was not based on the development of China, but from the flow of external capital and technology. At the same time, except the stable goods transported in long distance, most of the local products couldn＇t transport very far, commercial development and reform lagged behind. Connected with above, the western region＇s urbanization process also commonly lagged behind. Compared with the Eastern region, lack of the modem city＇s role of leading and promoting economic development was the specific reflection of western region＇s backwardness, which also led to the backwardness in long time.