伤害外国人的国家责任有关问题研究

一国的国民在他国受到损害,需要向东道国寻求损害赔偿,首先要解决东道国的国家责任问题。国家行为对外国人造成损害与私人行为对外国人造成损害,其行为的可归责性是不同的。要判断东道国对外国人的行为是否违反其国际法上的义务,不能单纯依据东道国国内法的规定,还应该从国际法的层面来考察。在私人行为造成损害的情况下,只要东道国没有"运用相当注意",它就要承担损害赔偿责任,但这种责任是有限的。一国的国民在外国遭到损害时,个人(包括法人)利益与国家利益之间的密切关系是国家代为提出外交求偿的基础。

On the Responsibility of States for Injuries to Aliens

When aliens are injured,they should seek compensation from the host country.A settlement of this question must be predicated on the clarifying of the point at issue of the respnsibility of the host country.The imputability is different that the acts of state and private acts injure aliens.It can not simply based on the domestic law of the host country to judge whether or not its acts violate the obligations under international law.We should also be from the field of international law to inspect.The host country would have to bear the responsibility for its no "exercising considerable attention" when the private act caused the injuries.But the responsibility is limited.Once the foreign nationals were injured,the close relationship between the interests of nationals(including corporate) and the interests of their country is the foundation of diplomatic ciaim.