GATS第一案——“美国赌博案”评析

“美国——赌博案”由于第一次导致了对GATS的基本结构和数项重要规定的适用和解释,无疑构成真正意义上的GATS第一案。综观此案,上诉机构的裁决有以下几点需要引起我们足够的重视:上诉机构对GATS第16条第2款的a项和c项项下的市场准入做出了较宽泛的解释,可能使成员方的许多国内规制措施构成对市场准入的限制;发展了第14条中的必要性标准,缓释了被诉方满足必要性标准的举证责任;对第14条总括性规定中的“歧视性”问题给予了进一步的明确和确立。

Discuss the First Case of GATS--United States-Gambling and Betting

Since United States-Gambling-Betting case caused the application and explanation of GATS' basic structure and several main provisions first, it undoubtedly become the true first case of GATS. After making a comprehensive survey, the author considers that much attention should be given to the award made by the appeal organization in which the market access in a item and c item of second clause of the sixteenth provision was given a wide explanation. It would make many members' domestic legal measures result in a restriction to market access. The award also developed the necessary norm of the fourteenth provision, eased the burden of producing evidence of the appellee to satisfy the necessary norm and defined the problem of discrimination in the fourteenth provision further.