论自然灾害下健康权的法律保障

自然灾害给健康权的可提供性、可获取性、可接受性以及质量保障方面带来了风险。健康需要与权利的密切关系以及国家的契约义务决定了国家必须化解灾民的健康权风险。国际人权条约和大量软法性国际法律文件为自然灾害下国家保障健康权提供了国际标准，中国自然灾害立法基本符合健康权保障的国际标准，但是仍有一定差距。为更好保障灾民的健康权，中国应该将人权保障原则作为灾害立法的基本原则，增加反歧视和照顾弱者的规定，明确宣示灾民的健康权，并制定《灾害救助基本法》。

On the Legal Protection on the Right to Health in the Natural Disaster

Natural disaster brings people high risk on the right to health, which should be removed because of satisfying the need of health being a right and protecting human rights being obligation of the government according to the social contract. International treaties and soft law on human rights have supplied international standard of protec- ting the right to health in natural disasters. China＇ s law on the protection of the right to health in natural disasters accords with the international standard in the main, but there is some distances between them. In order to protect the right to health of people affected by natural disasters, China should establish protecting human rights as the basic principle of natural disaster law, add rules of anti-discrimination and taking care of the disadvantaged, declare the right to health and enact a fundamental law on salvation of natural disasters.