基因筛检受检者权利研究

基因筛检是预防疾病的重要的公共健康手段.在基因筛检医疗关系中,医疗机构应将基因筛检的目的、内容、程序、可能的结果、可能的选择等信息告知受检者,受检者享有知情后同意的权利.对于筛检结果,医疗机构应向受检者告知,提供后续解读与遗传咨询,并应采取保密措施,未经受检者同意,不得向雇主和保险人透露.受检者对筛检结果享有隐私权,为公共健康等目的限制隐私权的情形应由法律作出明确规定.除政府强制性筛检外,受检者对基因筛检享有自主决定权.政府为了公共健康的必要目的,在法律授权下,可以要求民众接受基因筛检,但应避免对个人身体权和自主决定权的过度侵害,所选手段应限于侵害最小.

Research on Subject Rights in Genetic Screening

Genetic screening is an important means of public health to prevent disease. Except for government mandatory screening, subjects enjoy their right of self- determination, China should establish free neonatal disease screening system with the consent of the presumption . In medical relations, the subject shall have the right to informed consent. The medical institution shall inform the subject of screening results, provide the subsequent interpretation and genetic counseling, and security measures should be taken. The subject shall enjoy the right of privacy, the limitation to right of privacy for purposes of public health shall be prescribed by law. Under the authorization of the law, Government may require the people to accept genetic screening for the purpose of public health by the means with minimum violation, but should avoid the excessive invasion to individual rights to body and self- determination.