权力制约：中央与地方关系法治化的核心

中央与地方关系法治化的核心问题是通过中央与地方的有限分权实现对中央和地方权力的有效制约。基于权力制约目标设计中央与地方关系是现代法治的基本要求。集权模式下的中央与地方“分权”只是国家整体意义上权力内部的纵向职能分工，不具有权力纵向制衡意义的分权功能。建立有限政府、实行单一制下的中央与地方分权，既是控权模式下中央与地方关系的重要目标，也是实现中央与地方关系法治化的制度基础。

Restricting the Power: the Core of the Relationship between Central and Local Governments under Rule of Law

The core issue of the relationship between central and local governments under rule of law is to achieve control of the power effectively by separating the power of central and local governments. The purpose of the restriction of power is the basic requirements of rule of law for designing the relationship between central and local governments. ＂The separation of powers＂ under authoritarian-oriented mode of the relationship between central and local governments is just vertical division of national power, having no function of powers checks and balances of vertical separation. The establishment of limited government and separation of powers between the central and local governments under unitary system is not only the important goals of controlling of power of central and local governments, but also the system foundation of the relationship between central and local governments under rule of law.