中国传统“公之于法”特质探究

本文旨在对中国传统之“公之于法”力图做一个较为全面的文化探究。文章认为 ,“公之于法”是中国传统法律文化的一个基本特质。本文在对“公”、“私”字源以及古人对它们的褒贬态度进行考察的基础上 ,系统阐述了古代语境中“公之于法”这种法文化特质形成的理论和现实根源 ,着重剖析了“公之于法”在古代统治阶级的扭曲下被其“公”的形式所掩盖的“私之于法”的异化景像和内容。同时 ,通过与西方对应物的比较 ,论述了中国传统“公之于法”的不足之处及其在现代的不适应性。论文指出 ,中国古代“公之于法”有着它自己的历史长河 ,其历史内容虽然被统治者扭曲而变异 ,但其一直在民间社会传承的“大公无私”精神则应予肯定 ;同时 ,对西方之对应物所体现的“公而有私”原理则应予吸收 ,从而使“公之于法”之精神理念从中国传统意义中走出 ,从而成为中国当代和未来法律文化的基本特质。

A Research on China's Traditional "Made Public in Law"

The aim of the thesis is trying to make a comprehensive discussion on the traditional "fairness to law"of China from a cultural sense.On the basis of review about the meaning of "fairness","selifishness" and attitudes of the ancients toward them,the thesis expounds the roots of theory and praxis of "selfishness to law"which covered by its "fairness"form under the twist of governing class.Although its historical content was distorted by ancient governor and caused to variation,its "selflessness"spirits which was all along passed in folk society should be affirmed.At the same time ,the thesis points out that we should absorb the spirits of "fairness to law"can walk out from the traditional sense and become the basic idiosyncrasy of legal culture in contemporary and future of China.