消极身份犯概念之考量

身份犯是刑法中一类较为特殊的犯罪,之所以“特殊”,是因为这类犯罪的构成要件中对犯罪主体往往有一定的限制。对身份犯的研讨不仅关乎身份犯自身体系的建构,而且与共犯与身份问题的解决也密切相连。但是,我国学者在身份犯概念这一基本问题上的研究则显得多少有点混乱。因此,对我国传统刑法理论中的身份犯概念进行反思,重构身份犯之应然概念,实属当务之急。

A Reflection on the Conception of Status of Crime

The status of crime is a kind of special crime in the criminal law.Its speciality lies in that the criminal subject is always restricted in its constituents.The research on this issue is not only related to the construction of the system of the status of crime,but also closely related to the solution to the complicity and identity problems.However,the scholars in China seem to be inconsistent with each other in defining the basic conception of the status of crime.Hence,the paper reviews the conception of status of crime in the Chinese traditional criminal law theory,and points out that reconstructing its conception is in urgent need.