生产组织方式的演变与企业和产业的竞争优势

面对20世纪70年代以来企业外部经营条件的若干重大变化,西方发达国家的生产组织方式的演进出现了一个重要趋势,即从福特制向后福特制的转变。当存在一种生产方式替代另一种生产方式的情况下, 产品竞争本质往往是生产组织方式的竞争,即产品过剩背后隐藏的是落后的生产方式的过剩。与生产组织方式的转变相伴随的是国家之间综合国力或国际竞争力的消长变化。因而,生产组织方式变革中所蕴藏的后发优势是一国提升其企业和产业的国际竞争力的重要契机。

The Evolution of Production Organizational Mode and the Competitive Advantage of Enterprise and Industry

In the face of some tremendous changes for the enterprise in terms of exterior operating condition since 1970s, the evolution of production organizational mode in western developed countries had appeared an important tendency, namely, the transition from Ford system to Post-Ford system. Looking from the historical development of production organizational mode, when one kind of production mode substituted for another kind of production mode, the essence of product competition very often is the competition of production organizational mode, namely, what has hidden behind the overstock product is the excess of backward production mode. In the meantime, what has varied accompanying with the production organizational mode is the change of the comprehensive national strength or the international competitive capability among countries. Thus, the later-comer advantage embedded in the reform of production organizational mode is an important chance for a country to upgrade its international competitiveness of enterprises and the industries.