中国公务员激励问题研究述评:现状、问题与展望

公务员激励是一个重要的理论和实践问题。迄今为止,学界对这一问题的研究经过了酝酿、兴起、持续关注三个阶段。围绕公务员激励的一般性理论问题、物质激励、精神激励、能力开发激励、职业发展激励等研究主题,既有研究形成了一些有价值的研究成果,但也存在一些问题,主要是:基于国情的公务员激励研究与经典激励理论的对话不够;公务员职业特点和个体需求的结合不够紧密;各类激励及其与各项管理制度之间对应关系的理论研究尚不深入;构建有效的公务员激励机制的思路不够清晰。推进这项研究的着力点有三:应加强一些基础性、关键性理论问题的研究;应基于公务员的职业特点,特别关注基层公务员的激励问题;应加强基于公务员个体需求的实证研究。

A Review on China Civil Servants Incentive Research:Status,Problems and Prospects

Civil servant incentive is an important issue.About this issue,it has gone through three phases in the academic research until now: brewing phase,rising phase,and continuing attention phase.It has formed many valuable research results around the themes of general theoretical problems,material incentives,spiritual incentives,ability development incentives,and career development incentives for civil servants’ incentives in China.Simultaneously,there are also some problems in the research on incentive of civil servants in China,such as: the dialogue between Chinese public servant incentive research and classical incentive theory is not enough;the combination of professional characteristics and individual needs of civil servants is not tight enough;theoretical research on the relationship between various incentives and their respective management systems is not yet in depth;the idea of civil service incentive mechanism is not clear enough.The focus for advancing this research is: firstly,it should strengthen the study of some basic and key theoretical issues;secondly,it should be based on the professional characteristics of civil servants and pay special attention to the incentives of civil servants at the grassroots government;thirdly,it should strengthen the empirical research based on the individual needs of civil servants.