政府信息公开行为的可诉性及相关制度思考

主动公开信息的行为具有有限的可诉性,应从程序上保障第三方救济的权利。被告在诉讼中负有举证责任,但涉及国家秘密信息的举证应允许被告补充证据;对于信息不存在的证明,原告应该提供信息存在的初步线索。政府信息公开诉讼可以借鉴美国的秘密审查模式,进行不公开单方审理。对于不予公开信息的司法认定,应基于法益判断进行利益衡量,以使申请人权利与第三方隐私权、商业秘密、国家保密权等权利达到相对的平衡。

On Administrative Litigation of the Disclosure of Government Information

The action of disclosing informations actively has the limited Indictability,the right of the third related people should be procedural guaranteed.The defendant has the obligations of proof in proceding.But the defendant should be permitted to add the evidence which involving state secrets information.To the evidence that shows not exist,the complainant should give the preliminary cluesof the existance.Government public litigationt can draw on the experience of America’s secret review mode.To the unannounced Judicial cognizance,the interests of all the aspects including the complainant,the third related people the commercial secrets and the right of courtry’s secrets,should be banlanced.