西方国家行政改革的策略及其启示

自20世纪70年代末80年代初以来,西方国家掀起了声势浩大的行政改革运动,目的是要引进新公共管理来否定传统的官僚制.改革无疑会遇到巨大的阻力.西方国家的行政改革之所以能顺利推行,是与改革者运用正确的改革策略分不开的.本文首先从西方国家行政政革的背景分析入手,论述了西方国家在改革中采取的具体改革策略:强化政府权威、获取政治支持、化解政策阻力、渐进推进,最后简要指出了西方国家改革策略对我国行政改革实践的重要启示.

Study on the Strategy of Administration Reform in Western Countries

A large-scale administrative reform movement has been launched in the Western countries since the late 1970s with an aim of introducing new public management so as to abandon the traditional bureaucracy. The key of the Western countries' success lies in their reformers' correct employment of strategies. This paper first discusses the specific tactics adopted by these countries in their reform, which include carrying forward the reform with the aid of politicians, gaining active political support, overcoming the policy obstruction and pushing on gradually. It then points out that these reform tactics can provide inspiration for China's reform.