过程论视野下自动化行政行为的司法审查——以道路交通非现场执法时空情境分析为视角

随着信息技术的发展,道路交通管理领域也迎来了自动化执法时代。闯红灯、超速等各类交通技术监控系统的引入将传统街道执法空间改造成一个"全景敞视"规训平台,大幅提升了交通违章查处效率。然而,作为被规训一方的行政相对人并未真正享受到"科技+行政"的发展红利,其根源在于信息技术赋权不均衡导致交通执法"便行不便民",使得"电子警察"饱受诟病。面对非现场执法这一新生事物,司法裁判应跳出传统现场执法的固有逻辑,运用行政过程论对非现场执法行为进行全流程、动态审查,对非现场执法的不同行为阶段采取不同的司法审查方法和审查强度,兼顾行政执法方式革新与行政相对人权益保障的需求,实现工具理性和价值理性的有效融合。

Judicial Review of Automated Administrative Acts from the Perspective of Process Theory——From the Perspective of Circumstance Analysis of Off-site Law Enforcement in Road Traffic

With the development of information technology,the field of road traffic management has also ushered in the era of automated law enforcement.The introduction of various traffic technology monitoring systems for running red lights and over-speeding has transformed the traditional street law enforcement space into a“broad vision”discipline training platform,thereby greatly improving the efficiency of traffic violation investigation and punishment.However,the administrative counterpart as the disciplined party does not really enjoy the development dividend of“technology plus administration”.The root cause is that the imbalance in the empowerment of information technology has made traffic law enforcement“good for traffic but inconvenient for people”,making the“electronic police”full of complaints.Facing the new thing of off-site law enforcement,judicial referees should jump out of the inherent logic of traditional on-site law enforcement,use the theory of administrative process to conduct full-process and dynamic review of off-site law enforcement actions,and adopt different judicial review methods and frequencies in different stages of off-site law enforcement,while taking into account the needs of the reform of administrative law enforcement methods and the protection of the rights and interests of the administrative counterparts,and thus realizing the effective integration of instrumental rationality and value rationality.