民法典视野下社交网络账号的继承

社交网络账号为用户与网络服务平台之间的服务协议,社交账号的继承问题本质上为用户对自己网络信息的支配权限界定,属于个人对其数据及信息的利用范畴。社交网络账户具有财产性、身份性与人格性多重法律属性。社交网络账户具有可继承性,其性质、用户协议及个人信息保护义务均不排除账号继承的可能性。社交账号继承规则的构建首先需要区分社交网络账号本身与账号中存储的信息,其次根据社交性网络账户的类型构建不同维度的继承规则。账号内存储信息的继承应当优先保障用户的自主权,可以通过构建数字化信托的模式实现,保障用户决定是否允许继承的自主利益,并消除社交账号继承中的负外部性。同时《民法典》第1122条规定的“遗产”的内涵应当做扩大解释。

On the Inheritance of Social Network Accounts

A social network account is a service agreement between the user and the network service platform.In essence,the inheritance of social network accounts is a problem of users'control over their own network information,which belongs to the category of personal use of their data and information.Social network accounts are of property,identity and personality.Social network accounts are inheritable,and their legal interests,user agreements and personal information protection obligations do not exclude the inheritability of accounts.First,the construction of inheritance rules should clarify the social network accounts and the contents stored in them.Second,the types of social network accounts should be distinguished,and build inheritance rules in different dimensions.The inheritance of information stored in an account should protect the autonomy of users,which can be achieved by constructing a digital trust model to protect users'independent interests in deciding whether to allow inheritance and eliminate negative externalities in social account inheritance.The connotation of"heritage"stipulated in Article 1122 of the Civil Code should be expanded.