共同富裕目标下相对贫困治理的逻辑与机制

我国贫困问题的主要形态已从绝对贫困转向相对贫困,顺应相对贫困治理的需求,有必要系统构建贫困治理的逻辑与机制。在分析相对贫困的概念、特征和治理需求的基础上,文章从系统观念出发,提炼并阐释了以党领导为核心,以自治、法治、共治和技治为手段的“1+4”相对贫困治理逻辑。通过分析浙江安吉“生态扶贫”和山西“吕梁山护工”治理实践表明,由于地方推动共同富裕的基础条件具有差异性,治理的侧重点会有不同——安吉重视绿色发展理念和共同富裕示范机制建设,吕梁重视护工就业培训和脱贫增收机制构建,但其治理逻辑存在共识,能有效地将中国特色社会主义的制度优势和党的领导优势转化为地方治理效能。基于此,文章在“1+4”相对贫困治理逻辑基础上结合地方经验,从组织机制、内在动力机制、法律机制、协同共治机制、监测机制、示范引领机制六个方面提出贫困治理长效机制的基本框架,尝试为全国推动共同富裕提供理论指引。

Logic and Mechanism Construction of Relative Poverty Governance underthe Goal of Common Prosperity

The main form of China's poverty problem has shifted from absolute poverty to relative poverty. Conforming to the needs of relative poverty governance, it is necessary to systematically construct the logic and mechanism of governance. Based on the analysis of the concept, characteristics and governance needs of relative poverty, the article starts from the systematic concept, refines and explains the “1+4” logic of relative poverty management, which takes the party leadership as the core and takes autonomy, rule of law, co-governance and technological governance as the means. The cases of “ecological poverty alleviation” in Anji, Zhejiang Province and “Luliang Mountain nurse workers” in Shanxi Province show that the basic conditions for promoting common prosperity are different, and the focus of governance will be different. Anji attaches great importance to the construction of green development concept and the demonstration mechanism of common prosperity. Luliang attaches great importance to the employment training of nursing workers and the construction of poverty alleviation and income increase mechanism. However, there is a consensus on its governance logic, as both take the institutional advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the leadership of the Party to promote local governance efficiency. Therefore, on the basis of the “1+4” logic, the article summarizes the basic framework of the long-term mechanism of poverty governance from six aspects: organizational mechanism, internal motivation mechanism, legal mechanism, collaborative co-governance mechanism, monitoring mechanism, and demonstration and leading mechanism. It is intended to provide a governance example for the nation to promote common prosperity.