关于行政复议法修改若干重大问题的思考

行政复议制度是与行政诉讼制度并行的行政争议解决机制。随着行政诉讼法的修改，与之配套的行政复议法修订工作也应列入议程。在修订过程中，应当以加大复议纠错力度、充分发挥行政复议作为解决行政争议主渠道的作用为目标定位，以坚持行政复议的行政性、便利性、前置性、主动性为基本要求，同时在与行政诉讼的衔接上体现司法审查对行政复议决定的司法谦抑。具体的修改内容可包括：拓宽行政复议受案范围；完善复议审查重点，一次性回应申请人实质诉求；赋予复议机关更大的暂缓执行原行政行为的决定权；扩大复议调解的范围；坚持复议机关作被告监督机制，确保修法相统一；坚持司法审查行政复议决定的“卷宗审查主义”；赋予复议机关更大的复议变更权，着眼于一次性解决行政争议。

Thoughts on Key Issues Concerning the Revision of Administrative Review Law

The administrative reconsideration system and administrative litigation system are two parallel administrative dispute resolution mechanisms. With the revision of the Administrative Procedure Law, the revision of the corresponding Administrative Review Law is also on the agenda. In the revision process, we should aim at increasing the intensity of error correction of reconsideration, giving full play to the role of administrative reconsideration as the main channel to solve administrative disputes, and adhering to the administrative reconsideration, convenience, prepositioning, initiative as the basic requirements. In the connection with administrative litigation, the judicial modesty of judicial review to administrative reconsideration decisions should be proposed. Specific amendments may include: broadening the scope of administrative reconsideration; reforming the focus of reconsideration review and responding to the substantive appeals of applicants in one time; granting the reconsideration agency greater power of decision to suspend the execution of the original administrative act; expanding the scope of reconsideration conciliation; adhering to the reconsideration agency as the defendant supervision mechanism, in order to ensure the unity of law revision; holding to the “file review doctrine” of judicial review of administrative reconsideration decisions; granting reconsideration agency greater power to review changes, with a view to resolving administrative disputes in one time.