我国有组织犯罪企业化的路径及其表现分析

分析有组织犯罪企业化的过程和发展阶段,可以归纳出我国有组织犯罪企业化的两种基本路径,即有组织犯罪的企业化和企业的有组织犯罪化。有组织犯罪的企业化主要经历了暴力敛财积累原始资本、垄断非法行业形成稳定收入、设立企业向合法经济领域渗透和依托企业形成区域或行业垄断四个发展阶段。企业的有组织犯罪化主要有外在结合型和内生发展型两种类型,也要经历逐渐演变的渐变过程,即企业触黑化阶段、企业涉黑化阶段和企业纯黑化阶段。而在实现了企业化发展之后,有组织犯罪在组织管理、行为方式以及文化认同等方面皆呈现出明显的企业化特征:改变了对暴力手段的过分依赖,借鉴现代企业制度建立了分工明确、协调配合的组织结构,并根据需要设置了相应的职位、部门,呈现出企业化的组织管理模式;在运营机制、经营管理等方面表面与一般企业、公司无异,体现出明显的企业化特征和运作模式;以传统帮会文化和暴力文化为内在本质,以企业文化为外在表现,实现了帮会文化与企业文化相结合。

The Path and Performance Analysis of the Enterprization of Organized Crimes in China

Analysis of the process and stage of development of the enterprization of organized crimes in our country,we can summarize two kinds of basic patterns:the enterprization of organized crime and the organized criminalization of enterprise.The enterprization of organized crime has mainly gone through four development stages:violent accumulation of original capital,monopoly of illegal industries to form stable income,establishment of enterprises to penetrate into the legal economic field,and dependence on enterprises to form regional or industry monopolies.There are mainly two types of organized criminalization:external integration type and endogenous development type.They also have to undergo a gradual evolution process,that is,the enterprise touch-blackening stage,the enterprise blackening stage,and the enterprise pure blackening stage.After the realization of corporate development,organized crime has shown obvious corporate characteristics in terms of organizational management,behavioral pattern,and cultural identity.It has changed its over-reliance on violent means,and established a clear division of labor based on the modern corporate system.Coordinated organizational structure,and set up corresponding positions and departments according to the needs,presenting an enterprise-oriented organizational management model;in terms of operating mechanism,operating management,it is the same as ordinary enterprises and companies,which reflects obvious characteristics of enterprise and operation mode;with traditional gang culture and violent culture as the internal essence,and corporate culture as the external performance,the combination of gang culture and corporate culture has been realized.